作者：Admin

不同风格的电脑游戏可以分成不同类型。同一种类型的电脑游戏具有某些相同的风格。比如，《FIFA 2013》是运动游戏，但它是也模拟游戏，因为这款游戏模拟了现实世界的运动。所以可以说，大部分游戏都可以在归类划分。本文将介绍各种类型的游戏如下：

动作游戏：动作游戏的节奏比较快，要求玩家反应敏捷，能够驾驭控制器上的一连串按钮组合。这类游戏的挑战一般是战斗，游戏用某个可识别的角色代表玩家。

FIFA 13（from nowgamer.com)

角色扮演游戏（RPG）：RPG游戏是一个幻想的世界，由玩家扮演主角，根据游戏的故事线索做出决定。这类游戏往往通过剧情引导玩家在游戏中的活动，可能还会有一个像长老或大师之类的角色帮助主角们完成他们的游戏之旅。

冒险游戏：冒险游戏大多是单人游戏，玩家除了探索这个幻想世界，主要任务还包括解决谜题。这类游戏的主角一般都有背景故事，大多是关于拯救某人或抵达某地。

即时策略游戏（RTS）：这类游戏的主要任务就是囤积资源和组建军队。RTS与策略游戏的不同点在于前者是即时的，玩家不必等到自己的回合才采取行动。回合制、战略型的RTS和策略游戏往往与军事有关，目标通常是控制或占领某个区域。

益智游戏：这类游戏就是解决复杂的谜题。益智游戏考验玩家的逻辑思维，通常用时限增加挑战难度。益智游戏的挑战往往与色块和简单的玩家动作有关。玩家面临的主要挑战是思考如何解决难题，而不是反应力或手眼配合能力。

潜行射击游戏：潜行游戏的玩家要在某片区域内活动，并且不能被敌人看到或察觉。这类游戏以侦察为基础，因此要求玩家只能在游戏世界中秘密行动。

格斗游戏：这类游戏的任务就是一个接一个地单挑对手，因此玩家的反应要快、操控角色的能力要强。

第一人称射击游戏（FPS）：FPS也是射击游戏，玩家扮演主人公，通过主人公的视角观察游戏世界。这种视角一方面让玩家身如其境，另一方面又限制了玩家看到角色的具体行动。

运动游戏：这类游戏模拟现实世界的运动如足球、篮球和棒球等。运动游戏一般是模仿真正的专业运动明星的行为，并且根据技术水平将游戏中的运动员分类。因为游戏中的运动员在现实世界中通常有一个流行的原型明星，所以运动游戏通常会根据原型的活动不断推出新系列和更新。

模拟游戏：模拟游戏一般是模拟现实世界的交通工具如赛车、坦克或飞机等。在这类游戏中，玩家可以学习到交通工具的操作方法，所以专业人员经常用它们作为训练操作的工具。许多航空公司在飞行员操作真正的飞机以前，往往会用飞行模拟游戏训练他们。

教育游戏：教育游戏是用于教授某些科目的游戏。这类游戏使学习某个科目的过程变得有趣而互动，能更好地吸引学习者。在教育游戏中，通常有测试功能，即让玩家做多项选择题，游戏会自动打分。教育游戏广泛用于数学、科学和信息通讯技术的教学。

大型多人在线游戏（MMO）：MMO游戏通过本地网络或因特网连接玩游戏。联网的玩家可以与其他玩家在虚拟的游戏空间里互动，而玩家本人则处在一个真实的空间里操作另一台机器。连接因特网的玩家可以和世界各地的玩家一起游戏。许多成功的MMO游戏是付费的。这种游戏给玩家带来不可思议的体验，但代码编写量非常大。

游戏平台是游戏程序运行的硬件平台。下文简介了几种游戏平台：

个人电脑（PC）：PC游戏非常流行，可以从网站上下载，或用CD载入。PC游戏的玩家通常使用鼠标和键盘控制游戏中的角色，但也可以连接其他硬件设备如游戏专用操作杆等。MMO游戏可以在PC平台上玩，玩家可以使用耳机与网上的其他玩家进行口头交流。

掌机：即手持游戏机。掌机便于随身携带。掌机是为某款或某些游戏专门制作的，所以图形算法也是为平台定制的。流行的掌机有任天堂DS和PS Vita等。

游戏主机：游戏机或主机是非常流行的游戏平台。经过多年的改进，它们现在已经可以玩MMO游戏了。主机游戏的玩家只能购买为这个平台定制的游戏。

手机：手机游戏发展飞速，因为易上手又便宜，并且迎合了玩家边走边玩的需要。几乎人人都有一部手机，但并非人人都有游戏机，所以游戏开发商们也把手机市场作为一个值得挖掘的领域。

随着游戏不断发展，技术也相应提高。以下是最近20年快速发展的技术：

图形算法：早期游戏的画面是像素化的，玩家的活动受制于2D图形算法。随着技术提高，开发者们已经能够制作复杂的3D游戏场景和模型，所以在现实人类的动作也能出现在游戏世界中了。

人工智能（AI）：早期的AI就是，通过编程使NPC（非玩家角色）朝游戏世界中的某个方向移动或执行某个活动，玩家如果与这个NPC产生互动活动，要么得到经验点，要么失去命值。AI是很简单的，通常只能使NPC沿着固定的路径移动，所以玩家可以掌握它们的活动模式，从而避开它们。现在的游戏NPC越来越聪明了，甚至能够根据玩家在游戏世界中的行为采取相应的行动。（本文为游戏邦/gamerboom.com编译，拒绝任何不保留版权的转载，如需转载请联系：游戏邦）

Know the different types of computer games

By admin On November 20, 2012

Different types of computer games fall into set categories or genre. Genre basically means a group of things of a certain type. Although you could say Fifa 2013 is a sports game could also be seen as a simulation game as the game simulates playing a real life sport. So it can be said that most games can be categorised under a number of different genres. The different types of game genre are described below:

Action: Action games are fast paced and require good reflexes and the ability to be able to complete a sequence of button combinations on the game controller. The games normally include completing challenges such as fighting with and enemy and the player is normally represented on screen using a recognisable character.

Role-playing (RPG): RPG games are set in fantasy world where the player acts out the role of the main character and makes decisions based on the story line of the game. RPG games often involve narrative guiding the player through the game world and may include a master that aids the main character on their journey through the game.

Adventure games: Adventure games are mainly single player games set in a fantasy or adventure world where the main challenges involve completing puzzles. The adventure genre normally involves a back story of the main character and will include a specific rescue mission or objective to reach the end of the adventure.

Real time strategy (RTS): Strategy games normally involve building an inventory of items and army of people. The main difference between an RTS game and a strategy game is that RTS moves in real-time and players do not have to take turns and wait to make their next decision. RTS and Strategy games involve taking turns and making strategic decisions often involving armies and the objective are to control or take over a certain territory within the game.

Puzzle: Puzzle games involve solving complex puzzles. These games test logical thinking skills and are often time based to add an extra challenge. Puzzle games normally involve coloured shapes and simple player actions. The main challenge for the player in puzzle games is more to think about how to solve the puzzle rather than to have quick reflexes and hand eye coordination.

Stealth shooter games: Stealth games involve moving around a territory and remaining unseen and undetected by a group of enemies. These games can be spy based and hence the need to sneak around the game world undetected.

Combat games: combat games involve close up one to one fighting against an opponent. They require fast reflexes and the ability to learn how to control the character to complete a range of fighting movements.

First person shooters (FPS): FPS games are shooter games where the player plays through the main protagonist and can see the main game world through their eyes. It gets the player really involved in the gameplay but the player can rarely see how they are represented on screen.

Sports Games: Sports games simulate real-world sports such as soccer, basketball and baseball. They normally involve mimicking the actions of real professional sports star and categories key players within the game with different levels of skills. Successful sports games often run in a series and update with information relating to the most popular players in the game from the real-world.

Simulations: Simulation games are games that simulate controlling real world vehicles such as cars, tanks or aircraft. The player can learn how to control the vehicles and simulation games can often be used to train professional people on how to operate machinery. Many aircraft companies have airplane simulators to train pilots before they operate real aircrafts in the field.

Educational games: Educational games are used to teach people certain subjects. Educational games try to make learning a topic fun and interactive and engage the learner in the subject. The games normally have testing functional built into them where players can answer a range of multiple choice questions that are automatically marked. Education games are widely used for maths, science and ICT.

Massively multiplayer online (MMO): MMO games involve playing games over a LAN (local area network) or the internet. The players play over the network and can interact with other players in the virtual game room by controlling another machine in the real room or when using the internet they can play against players from all around the world. Many successful MMO games are subscription based. The amount of programming involved in creating these games is immense and it’s an unbelievable experience to play them onscreen.

Gaming platforms are the hardware platforms that games programs run on. These are described below:

Personal computer: PC games are very popular and can be downloaded from the web or loaded on the PC using a CD rom. PCs gamers often use the mouse and keyboard to control the characters in the game but can hook up additional hardware devices such as gaming specific joysticks. MMO games can be played on the PC platform and players can use headsets to verbally communicate with other players that are online.

Portable hand held console: A portable hand held console is a games console that can be taken anywhere. They are specifically built for games and hence the graphics are custom designed for the platforms. Popular examples are the Nintendo DS and the PS Vita.

Stand-alone platforms: Consoles or stand-alone platforms are a very popular gaming platform. They have advanced over the years and can now also be used to play MMO games. The player will always need to buy games that are specifically made for that platform.

Mobile Phone: Mobile gaming is growing rapidly as games are accessible and cheap and gamers enjoy playing when on the move. Developers also see the mobile market as a great area to break into as nearly everyone has a phone but not everyone has a games console.

As games have developed over time so have the technologies. The following technologies have advanced rapidly in the last 20 years.

Graphics: Early games had pixelated graphics and player movements were limited to course sprite based 2D graphics. With the advance in technology, developers have been able to create complex 3D gaming environments and models that have a range of advanced movements that can represent humanoid movements within a game.

Artificial Intelligence: AI started off where NPCs (non-playable characters) were programmed to move in certain directions within the game and the player normally gained points or lost a life if they interacted with another component. The Ai used was simple and normally made the NPC move in a fixed path so that the gamer could learn patterns to avoid them. In today’s games NPCs are become smarter and are now programmed to act within the game depending on how the player actually plays within the game itself.(source:contentedwriter)