作者：Aditya Kulkarni

你该如何更有效地吸引玩家的注意？你可以如何量化乐趣？答案便是利用超现实主义。让我们从一些基本原理开始说起。什么是游戏？我们可以将游戏简单想为是从A点到达B点。怎么做到？通过在两者之间做“某事”去到达B点。就是如此。

超现实主义

这是我最喜欢的游戏创造的一部分。超现实主义是从André Breton和Sigmund Freud的作品开始，同时人们也很喜欢Salvador Dali，Max Ernst和Joan Miró所创造的视觉表象，也就是我们所说的超现实主义艺术，从那以后越来越多人开始在自己的领域使用这样的想法。而我之所以热爱超现实主义是因为它具有震撼用户，吸引用户并留住用户的能力。让我引用一些特殊情况帮助你们去看待超现实主义并进行创造。

情况1：

situation1(from gamasutra)

你正坐在办公室里，你看到一个人从你的右边走到了左边。你的注意力将被占用1至2秒之后才能重新回到工作上。这是你每天在工作环境中都会经历的。再平常不过。

情况2：

situation2(from gamasutra)

你看到同样的人从你的右边走到了左边，并且他的领带是戴在头上而不是衬衫上。这一情况将吸引你的注意力超过1分钟，你可能会好奇到底发生了什么。你会先在办公室里考虑这是什么情况然后才会回到工作上。而这是你在工作环境中不会预料到的情况。

情况3：

situation3(from gamasutra)

你看到同样的人，在头上戴着领带并像骑着马那样骑着一只狗从你的右边走到左边。这将吸引你的注意力超过5分钟，你可能会因此站起来并看向外面想了解到底发生了什么，是否所有人都疯了。你的大脑可能会因此冻住，你会好奇是如何以及为什么会发生这种情况。你的HR总监并不在办公室。而你却一整天都在想着这件事并与朋友和家人分享了这件事，也许在睡觉前你还会想起它，然后在第二天你会将其像HR总监汇报，而她会向你要一片精神病药片并询问你的治疗师对此的看法。

如果你正在创造一款游戏，你会添加上述的哪种情况到游戏中去提高其用户粘性？在规模不断壮大的超现实主义中，你的最佳选择便是添加第3种情况去增加游戏的乐趣元素。为什么它具有震撼感和乐趣？因为你不会在现实生活中看到这种情况。你希望它会发生但是社会规则却告诉你它并不会发生。就像在一款早前的flash游戏中，玩家可以朝别人吐口水并因此获得分数。人们会因此而疯狂并会不断炫耀自己的分数。这在过去出现了病毒式传播，为什么呢？因为你肯定不会在现实生活中看到这种情况。如果你在现实生活中做了这样的事还不会激怒对方，那是绝对不可能的事，所以在网上做这件事会更安全并且你还能够因此获得分数。多酷！

想象将更大的超现实主义带到你的游戏吧。例如让角色开着摩托艇在水上行走，给大象安上小小的翅膀让它飞翔等等。当你的玩家在游戏中发现这种隐藏的超现实主义标志时便会觉得很有趣且会对此深深着迷。他们或许不知道这是超现实主义，但是他们高兴的尖叫足以让你将更多超现实元素带进游戏中。

（本文为游戏邦/gamerboom.com编译，拒绝任何不保留版权的转发，如需转载请联系：游戏邦）

Using Surrealism in Game Design

by Aditya Kulkarni

How can you engage your players more? How can you quantify fun? Using Surrealism of course. Let’s start with the fundamentals. What is a Game? A game can be thought of simply as getting from Point A to Point B. How? By doing ‘something’ in between to enable you to reach Point B. That’s it. No more, no less.

Surrealism

My favourite part of making games. The Surrealist movement started with the works of André Breton and Sigmund Freud while people like Salvador Dali, Max Ernst and Joan Miró made visual imagery often called Surrealistic Art which gave rise to more people using the thought in their respective fields. Why I like Surrealism, is because of it’s ability to shock, engage and retain the audience. Let me cite very specific scenarios to help you think about Surrealism and create it.

Situation 1:

You are sitting in your office cabin and you see a guy walking past from your right to your left. This will manage to grab your attention for 1-2 seconds before you go back to your work. This is a routine that you see every day in your corporate setting. Nothing out of the ordinary.

Situation 2:

You see the same man walking on his hands, going from your right to your left and wearing his tie on his head instead of his shirt collar. This will manage to grab your attention for more than a minute and you might wonder what just happened. You might ponder on the state of affairs in your office and think about how things are slipping before going back to your work. You did not expect this to happen in your corporate environment.

Situation 3:

You see the same man, wearing his tie on his head and ridding a dog like a horse, going from your right to your left. This will manage to grab your attention for more than 5 minutes where you just might actually get up, peek outside to know what exactly is happening to your office and if everyone went nuts. Your brain seems to freeze up and you are curious as to how and why this happened. Your HR head is on leave. You keep thinking about this the entire day and discuss it with your friends and family, perhaps even remembering it before going to sleep, then reporting it to your HR head the next day while she asks you the crazy pills that you have been taking and the name of your therapist to see something like that in office.

If you are making a game, which of the above situations will you add to the game to make it more engaging? On an increasing scale of surrealism, your best bet would be to add situation 3 which adds that element of fun and engagement to otherwise routine and monotonous scenarios. Why is it shocking and fun? Because you don’t see it in real life. You wish it would happen but society rules tell you it cannot happen. There was this old flash game where you could spit on people below and get points for it. People went crazy for it and used to brag about their score. It went viral during those early days and why? Because you don’t expect to see that happening in real life. You just can’t do it in your really life without pissing off people, it’s much safer to do it digitally and get awarded points for grossing out people too. So cool.

Think up of more surrealism to add to your game. Flap the ears of your car, make your character walk on water with a motor boat rudder stuck to his/her butt, give elephants tiny wings so they can fly. It’s fun, it’s engaging and totally rewarding when your players discover this hidden surreal imagery in your game. They might not understand it as surrealism, but their screams of glee are worth putting the surreal imagery in.（source：gamasutra）