游戏邦在:
杂志专栏:
gamerboom.com订阅到鲜果订阅到抓虾google reader订阅到有道订阅到QQ邮箱订阅到帮看

游戏设计不可或缺的5个基本元素

发布时间:2013-12-10 16:28:01 Tags:,,,,

作者:Jeff Orloff

有些人已经具有一个出色的游戏理念,以及所有将其变成游戏产品的必备编程技术。但是,他们做完一切开发工作并解决所有漏洞之后,其游戏却并不受人待见,因为他们的游戏真的很糟糕。

多数时候这并不是因为游戏理念不够好,真正让游戏如此糟糕的原因是开发者没有在游戏设计的核心元素中投入足够的时间。

就好比是一道食谱,一个蓝图甚至是一首歌,游戏也有许多不同而同样重要的环节。忽略了其中一者或多个环节,可能就会给游戏带来致命灾难,但花点时间去开发和组织这些环节,则可诞生一款优秀的游戏。

game design(from gaming-blog.net)

game design(from gaming-blog.net)

空间

所有游戏都有一个其所在的世界,即所谓的空间。它描述的是游戏本身的外观和风格,其中包括:

*视觉空间

*障碍

*色彩

*声音

*照明

你所创造的空间决定了游戏本身所会发生的事件,并且也会影响你所创造的角色类型。要将这一点视为游戏的基础,因为其他一切元素都有赖于游戏空间的规则/约束条件。

目标

这一点很简单,即人们如何在游戏中获胜?这并不仅仅是“赢得最多点数”这么简单的概念。想想玩家将如何实现终极目标。他们只有一种获胜途径还是可以通过多种方法实现目标?游戏只允许一名玩家获胜?是否要求玩家掌握一些知识?出现赢家后玩家还能继续游戏吗?在决定游戏目标之前一定要先理清这些问题。

组件

现在你已经有了游戏空间和目标的概念,是时候在这个世界添加角色和物体了。这里的组件可以是武器、英雄、坏蛋、交通工具、迷宫、骰子等。确保这些组件在游戏中都有一定用途,令其鼓励玩家探索不同的空间区域。

机制

这是指角色和其他组件可以执行的动作,或者在游戏过程中加诸于它们之上的操作。这个元素概括了你添加到角色上的所有约束条件,有助于创造游戏的难度等级。

这些机制必须遵从游戏空间所设定的规则,例如一个角色可以冲破砖壁时,那么木墙势必无法成为其进入某区域的障碍。另外也要想好每个角色的挑战和弱点,以便不同角色之间形成互补。

规则

规则的作用是引导玩家走完游戏。其作用是告知玩家如何做才能获胜。它们不但描述了如何玩游戏,还有助于塑造游戏体验。

优秀设计师会在考虑编写代码或开发用户界面之前就确定好一切元素。花点时间将这些元素用文档记录下来,并且在你想到关于如何添加新元素时返回查看这些内容。这个过程最终会让你开发出一款更优秀更令人兴奋的游戏。(本文为游戏邦/gamerboom.com编译,拒绝任何不保留版权的转载,如需转载请联系:游戏邦

5 Basic Elements of Game Design

by jeff_orloff_67

Some people have a great concept for a game and all the necessary coding skills to bring that game to reality. However when they are done with the development process and all the bugs have been worked out, people don’t like it because quite frankly the game sucks.

Most of the time it is not the idea behind the game that is no good, after all there is an audience for just about any game niche you can think of. What makes some games so bad is that not enough time was given to the development of the core elements of the game’s design.

Like a recipe, a blueprint or even a song; games have many different parts that are all equally important. Neglecting one, or more, of these elements could mean disaster for your game; but spending time to develop and structure each of them could take a good game and make it great.
Space

All games have a world in which they exist known as the space. It describes the look and feel of the game itself including:

Visual space

Barriers

Colors

Sounds

Lighting

The space you create determines what can take place in the game itself and can influence the type of characters you create. Think of this as the foundation for your game because everything else relies on the rules/restrictions of your game space.
Goals

This is simple, how does someone win at this game? Something as simple as “score the most points” doesn’t cut it. Think about how players can achieve the end goal and map that out. Is there only one way to win or can a player take multiple paths to achieve the end goal? Can more than one player win? Are you trying to get the player to learn something? Can players continue on after someone wins? Ask yourself these questions to really determine the goal of the game.
Components

Now that you know the space and the goal(s) of the game you have to add the characters and objects that exist in this world and how they are used to play the game. Examples of components could be weapons, the heroes, the bad guys, vehicles, a maze, dice, etc. Make sure that all components have serve some purpose in the game, even Easter eggs serve a purpose; they encourage players to explore different areas of the space.
Mechanics

These are the actions that characters and other components can do, or have done to them, in the course of the gameplay. This element outlines all of the constraints put on your characters and helps create a level of difficulty for your game.

It is very important that the mechanics follow the rules set up in the game space; for example if a character can break through a brick wall then a wooden barrier cannot prevent them from entering an area. It is also important that you think carefully about the challenges and weaknesses that each character will have so you can give them something to compensate for them.
Rules

The rules are what guide a player through the game. It tells them what they can and cannot do in order to win. They not only describe how to play the game, but the rules also help shape the game play experience.

Good designers start by defining all of these elements of their game before they even consider writing code or developing the user interface. Take the time to document all of these elements for your games and refer back to them whenever you have a question about how to work something new into your game. In the end, going through this process will help you develop a game that flows well and is more exciting to play. (source:makegameswith


上一篇:

下一篇: