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简述创建游戏设计文件的四大步骤

发布时间:2012-02-23 16:00:26 Tags:,,,,

作者:Andrew Putrajaya

游戏设计是指创造一份阐述游戏细节内容的完整文件的过程。创意和创新是游戏设计过程中不可缺少的内容。并且除了理念之外,结构也很重要。如果整份文件杂乱无序,即使你拥有再棒的理念,别人也很难理解你的游戏设计理念。除此之外,优秀的游戏设计还必须明确基本的规则或技术内容。以下我将列出游戏设计的四大步骤:

1.头脑风暴

brainstorming(from gamasutra)

brainstorming(from gamasutra)

在这一阶段我们要尽量收集许多理念。如果你已经有了一个明确的目标,那么针对于该目标进行头脑风暴便能够帮你获得更好的结果。我认为,头脑风暴应该是一个非正式的过程,人们可以畅所欲言地表达自己的想法。这时候将会有1个或多个专门的记录人员。同时你还需要切记不要滔滔不绝地阐述一些过长或过于完整的内容,应该确保自己观点足够简洁与清晰,因为它将贯穿整个头脑风暴过程。

2.提炼

point, click, drag(from gamasutra)

point, click, drag(from gamasutra)

头脑风暴后你将获得无数的理念和想法,随后你就必须通过提炼和浓缩去组织并明确这些想法。在这个阶段我们将确定游戏机制,创造故事并描述概念图。开发者必须了解游戏开发的相关理念(游戏邦注:即阐述创造游戏取决于游戏机制,故事还是图像),并且将其应用于这一阶段;他们可以自行选择从哪个部分开始或者围绕自己的目标,开始撰写内容。

3.详细记录

main scene(from gamasutra)

main scene(from gamasutra)

详细记录是最后确定游戏设计文件的过程。我们将在这个阶段明确游戏规则,游戏场景的设计以及游戏创作的整体流程等。这时候设计师必须投入更多精力去创造出重要的游戏元素,并确保这些内容的完整性和平衡性。除此之外,设计师还应该避免使用技术性语言,要让任何人都能够理解游戏设计内容。

4.组织结构

flowchart(from gamasutra)

flowchart(from gamasutra)

完成游戏设计文件后,设计师便需要将其提交给程序员。而组织结构便是游戏设计的最后步骤,即以图表等形式创造出能够代表游戏系统的技术文件。设计师可以使用图表作为功能模型更清晰地展示游戏系统的需求;使用分类图表作为对象模型更好地定义游戏系统的结构;使用流程图作为动态模型更详细地描述游戏系统的工作流程。总之,游戏设计中也拥有技术元素,并且以图表的形式呈现出来,更好地解释游戏系统,进一步帮助程序员创造游戏。

本文为游戏邦/gamerboom.com编译,拒绝任何不保留版权的转载,如需转载请联系:游戏邦

Array of Game Design

by Andrew Putrajaya

Game design is a process of creating complete document which declares detail information about the game. In developing game design, creativity and innovation are needed. However, not only ideas, but structure is also important. Game design without good structure is difficult to be read, although the idea is super brilliant. In addition, good game design has to be complete, in this case, there is no ambiguity in the rules or the technical part. Basically, there are four steps of game design :

1. Brainstorming

In this step, ideas are generated as many as possible. If there is a specific purpose, it might be better if the brainstorming process is directed to the point that wants to be achieved.

In my opinion, brainstorming should be done informally, people should say what they think at that time spontaneously. In that situation, ideas will be gathered, and there must be one person or more who write list of those ideas. It is not recommended to say things that are too long or too complete, it should be brief and clear because it might dominate the process of brainstorming.

2. Constriction

The result of brainstorming would be million of ideas, and it is a bunch of words. Constriction is the process to  organize the ideas into more specific. In this step, game mechanics is declared, story is made, and concept art is depicted. There are some theories about game development which say about creating game based on game mechanics, or story, or graphics. Well, that theory should be applied here, developers can freely choose where they want to start from, or if they have specific purpose in their mind, then they can generate it from the list of ideas.

3. Itemization

Itemization is the process of finalizing the game design document. In this step, the game rules are declared, the design of the game scene is defined, the workflow of the game is specified, etc. This is where game designer takes a lot of effort to generate things that are needed in the game, it has to be complete and balance. The game design should be able to be understood by everyone, means the language should not be too technical.

4. Architecture

After the game design document has been done, it will be submitted to game programmer. Architecture is the last step of game design, it is a process of creating technical document which represents the game system in the form of diagram or any visualization. For declaring requirement of game system, use case diagram can be used as functional model. For defining the structure of the game system, class diagram can be used as object model. For depicting the workflow of the game system, flowchart can be used as dynamic model. In short, game design also has technical aspect which explains the game system in the form of diagram, which will be used by game programmer to build the game.(source:GAMASUTRA)


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