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游戏上瘾影响玩家身心健康 MMORPG游戏最易让人成瘾

发布时间:2011-03-26 11:20:25 Tags:,

上瘾成当今社会主要话题,无论是对性着迷的泰格·伍兹还是吸毒成瘾的林赛·罗韩,每个人似乎都沉迷于某种东西。游戏上瘾问题并非只存在于青少年身上,现如今许多人都在这种娱乐方式中花费大笔时间。

美国医学会并未将沉溺于视频游戏定义为上瘾,但许多人认为这是事实。视频游戏可增加人体大脑中多巴胺的含量,玩家从游戏中获得快感就如同赌博给赌徒带来的兴奋感。游戏之所以被认定为会使人上瘾的原因还在于它能够让玩家不惜花上数小时的时间,这可以看做是上瘾的症状。

根据上瘾的定义,玩家将异常依赖视频游戏,可以连续玩上数小时,即便通宵达旦也未曾察觉。上瘾玩家通常会感到心烦意乱,不承认他们习惯于玩游戏的行为,游戏外的时间都在想游戏相关事宜等等。类似于其他上瘾行为,视频游戏成瘾也有明显的症状,如暴躁、充满暴力、喜怒无常以及消沉沮丧。沉溺于视频游戏的儿童和青少年不吃不睡而且频繁哭闹,对日常生活和其他活动失去兴趣。

游戏上瘾还会给玩家的社交层面带来负面影响,玩家在现实生活中的无助和孤单感可能导致其沉迷于游戏。为得到补偿,上瘾玩家更倾向于网络化的人际关系,或通过游戏网来弥补。然而,这些行为最终使得玩家因缺乏现实社会社交技巧而显得更为孤僻。可以把沉溺于视频游戏当成是对现实生活的逃避,有些玩家甚至认为游戏世界比现实生活更好,对游戏的盲目崇拜使玩家仇视生活中那些不玩游戏的人。

游戏邦获悉,沉迷于游戏的学生成绩会大幅下滑。对于依赖视频游戏的玩家而言,其他事情都已不再重要。他们也很难集中注意力做其他的事情,一门心思只想着玩游戏。将游戏放在首位的学生根本不会想到去做作业。

沉溺于游戏除了会导致精神和社交问题外,还会引起某些生理疾病,这是由于玩家长期看着电视或电脑屏幕以及弯腰驼背手执键盘和游戏手柄。可能引起的生理疾病包括腕隧道症候群、睡眠不足或失眠、背痛、颈痛、头痛或偏头痛、眼睛干涩、营养不良和个人卫生问题。

所有的视频游戏都可能让玩家上瘾,但角色扮演游戏(RPG)和流行游戏《使命召唤》系列等第一人称射击游戏的表现尤为突出。玩家可能完全沉迷于游戏的故事情节中不能自拔,不停地玩直到完成主要目标,而或许这就足以让玩家花上数小时甚至数天的时间。游戏邦了解到,有些玩家直到打通整个游戏才会停歇。

比RPG更易让人上瘾的是MMORPG游戏,即大型多人在线角色扮演游戏。与传统视频游戏或RPG不同,MMORPG之所以更易令人着迷是因为游戏中虽有故事情节或里程碑式的剧情,但永远无法终结。由于游戏无法通关,玩家会一直沉溺其中,他们尽其所能专注于虚拟世界中的体验。MMORPG的另一大卖点是多玩家参与性,玩家会花大量时间在线与千百万玩家建立不牢固的虚拟关系。大部分情况下这并不会造成多大伤害,但网游和在线交流服务一样,可能使玩家面临性骚扰等威胁。

热门MMORPG游戏《魔兽世界》极易让玩家上瘾,游戏新资料片《大灾变》是目前游戏市场上最容易让人上瘾的游戏。许多自称沉溺于视频游戏的玩家都承认已成为这款游戏的受害者,网站wowdetox.com的存在足以表明视频游戏严重影响了儿童和成人的生活。据游戏邦了解,《魔兽世界》玩家在这个网站上交流戒瘾经验。

由于视频游戏成瘾未经医学会认定,因而目前还没有合适的治疗方法,据称不让上瘾玩家接触游戏并引导其多参加户外活动能够有效缓解某些玩家的症状。(本文为游戏邦/gamerboom.com编译,转载请注明来源:游戏邦)

Video game addiction: fact or fiction?

Addiction has become a prominent theme in today’s society. Whether it is Tiger Woods’ sex addiction or Lindsay Lohan’s drug addiction, everyone seems to be hooked on something. Addiction may not seem like it would be a problem for the average teenager, but these days, many people are spending more and more time with a controller in their hand.

The American Medical Association does not officially recognize a dependency on videogames as a form of addiction, but others claim that there is such a thing. Video gaming elevates levels of dopamine in the brain, so gamers can feel a high from playing much like an addicted gambler feels a high from the thrill of gambling. Gaming is also seen as an addiction because it prompts hours of play, which can be seen as an addictive behavior.

In accordance with the definition of an addiction, gamers can become “abnormally dependent” on playing videogames and can game for hours on end, even gaming through the night without realizing that they have done so until morning. Addicted gamers are often distracted, lie about their gaming habits, and spend time away from the game thinking about the next level, etc. Similar to many other addictions, videogame addiction has withdrawal symptoms, which can include anger or rage, violence, moodiness, and even depression. Often children and teens who are experiencing videogame withdrawal will not eat or sleep, may cry frequently, and may lose desire to participate in normal activities and complete daily tasks.

There are also many negative social aspects of gaming addiction. The addiction can stem from feelings of powerlessness and loneliness in a person’s real life. To compensate for these feelings, addicted gamers tend to engage in many relationships online or through their gaming networks that they do have control over, which can ultimately lead to even more isolation due a lack of real social skills. For many, videogames can be seen as an escape from real life, or as even better than real life, and putting games on a mental pedestal can make gamers bitter towards those in their real lives that don’t live up to their perfect game worlds.

Addicted gamers who are still in school could also experience a huge drop in their grades. When a person is so mentally invested in videogames, everything else becomes less important, and it becomes more difficult to focus on the things that matter when all they want to do is play. Homework is already hard enough to do, but when your attention is zapped and your priorities are elsewhere, it becomes nearly impossible.

Aside from the mental and social consequences of gaming, a dependency on videogames can also lead to many physical consequences. These symptoms stem from extended gaming sessions where gamers sit for hours staring at a television or computer; either hunched over a keyboard or clutching a game controller. Some physical side effects can include carpal tunnel syndrome, sleep disturbance or deprivation, backaches, neck-aches, headaches or migraines, dry eyes, and the failure to eat properly or upkeep personal hygiene.

While all videogames can become addictive if abused, the games that most often lead to addiction are Role Playing Games (RPGs) or first person shooter games like the extremely popular Call of Duty franchise. Gamers can become overly invested in the storylines of the games and will not cease playing until completing major goals and milestones in the game which can take hours or days. Sometimes, they will not stop until they beat the entire game.

Even more addictive than RPGs are MMORPGs, or Massive Multi-player Online Role Playing Games. Unlike regular videogames or RPGs, MMORPGs can cause even more addiction because there are storylines and major milestones, but no end. A gamer can essentially continue to play forever because they can never beat the game, and there is always more to do. They stay engrossed in a fantasy world for as long as they desire. Another big selling point of MMORPGs is the massive multi-player aspect. Gamers can stay online for an innumerable number of hours forming unsubstantial and unreal online relationships with the thousands and millions of other players who are online gaming with them. Most times this is harmless, but these games, like all internet communication services, can put people in danger of predation by internet stalkers, identity thieves, and sexual offenders.

A popular MMORPG is World of Warcraft, which is often called World of War-crack due to its known addictiveness. The game, which recently released a new expansion pack called Cataclysm, is considered one of the most, if not the most addictive game on the market. Many self-proclaimed videogame addicts have admitted to falling victim to this game. Websites like wowdetox.com, where World of Warcrafters can share stories of struggling with and overcoming WOW addiction, really show the severity of how video gaming is taking over the lives of children and adults alike.

Since videogame addiction is not recognized, there is no real treatment for it as of yet, but complete and total detachment from games and exposure to the outdoors and wilderness has shown to distract some gamers from gaming and has helped to relieve addiction. (Source: The Current)


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